What is eukaryotic genome?
Eukaryotic genomes are composed of one or more linear DNA chromosomes. The number of chromosomes varies widely from Jack jumper ants and an asexual nemotode, which each have only one pair, to a fern species that has 720 pairs. It is surprising the amount of DNA that eukaryotic genomes contain compared to other genomes.
What is Collinearity in genome?
Collinearity refers to the physical co-localization of genetic loci on the same chromosome in different species conserving the same order.
What is Drosophila genome?
The genome sequence of Drosophila melanogaster It contains a description of the data set used to generate the sequence and a summary of the initial annotation of the genome, including brief analyses of basic cellular processes. The Drosophila genome contains 13,601 computational predicted genes.
What is meant by reference genome?
A reference genome (also known as a reference assembly) is a digital nucleic acid sequence database, assembled by scientists as a representative example of the set of genes in one idealized individual organism of a species.
What is the difference between bacterial and eukaryotic genomes?
Thus, the main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic genome is that the prokaryotic genome floats in the cytoplasm while the eukaryotic genome protects inside the nucleus. Furthermore, prokaryotic genome is more compact and has no repetitive DNA, introns, and spacer DNA compared to eukaryotic genome.
What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic genome?
The genome is composed of one or more DNA molecules, each organized as a chromosome. The prokaryotic genomes are mostly single circular chromosomes. Eukaryotic genomes consist of one or two sets of linear chromosomes confined to the nucleus. A gene is a segment of DNA that is transcribed into a functional RNA molecule.
What is synteny and collinearity?
Syntenic* = a set of loci in two different species which is located on the same chromosome in each (not necessarily in the same order). Collinear = a set of loci in two different species which are located on the same chromosome in each, and are conserved in the same order.
What do you mean by linkage group?
linkage group, in genetics, all of the genes on a single chromosome. They are inherited as a group; that is, during cell division they act and move as a unit rather than independently.
Why is Drosophila used in genetics?
Drosophila have ‘polytene’ chromosomes, which means that they are oversized and have barcode-like banding patterns of light and dark. During early Drosophila research scientists could therefore easily identify chromosomal? rearrangements and deletions under the microscope.
What is contig in bioinformatics?
A contig (as related to genomic studies; derived from the word “contiguous”) is a set of DNA segments or sequences that overlap in a way that provides a contiguous representation of a genomic region.