What is the BMAL1 gene?
PHILADELPHIA – The Bmal1 gene, found throughout the human body, is believed to be a critical part of the body’s main molecular timekeeper, but after deleting it in animal models, researchers from the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania found that tissues continued to follow a 24-hour rhythm.
Is BMAL1 a gene or protein?
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator-like protein 1 (ARNTL) or Brain and Muscle ARNT-Like 1 (BMAL1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the Bmal1 gene, also known as ARNTL, MOP3, and, less commonly, BHLHE5, BMAL, BMAL1C, JAP3, PASD3, and TIC.
What does BMAL1 stand for?
BMAL1
| Acronym | Definition |
|---|---|
| BMAL1 | Brain and Muscle ARNT-Like 1 |
What is PER2 gene?
PER2 is a member of the Period family of genes and is expressed in a circadian pattern in the suprachiasmatic nucleus, the primary circadian pacemaker in the mammalian brain. Genes in this family encode components of the circadian clock, which regulates the daily rhythms of locomotor activity, metabolism, and behavior.
Where is BMAL1 found?
Bmal1 is preferentially maintained in the pineal gland of old killifish brain. The master circadian clock oscillator is located in the SCN in the mammalian brain to control circadian physiology (Yamazaki et al., 2000; Yoo et al., 2004).
Is BMAL1 found in the brain?
Both Bmal1 mRNA and protein are constitutively expressed in the brain of brain-rescued mice. (McDearmon et al., 2006).
What do clock and BMAL1 do?
The mammalian circadian clock relies on the master genes CLOCK and BMAL1 to drive rhythmic gene expression and regulate biological functions under circadian control. Here we show that rhythmic CLOCK:BMAL1 DNA binding promotes rhythmic chromatin opening.
What is Cryptochrome plant?
Cryptochromes (CRY) are photosensory receptors that regulate growth and development in plants and the circadian clock in plants and animals [1, 2]. Plant cryptochromes are best studied in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). The Arabidopsis genome encodes three cryptochrome genes, CRY1, CRY2, and CRY3.
How do clock genes work?
Clock genes are sets of instructions that code for clock proteins. The genes and proteins interact with each other to produce daily fluctuations in protein levels. The central player is the per gene, which codes for PER protein. PER levels are highest during early evening and lowest early in the day.
What are Cry genes?
The cry gene family, produced during the late exponential phase of growth in Bacillus thuringiensis, is a large, still-growing family of homologous genes, in which each gene encodes a protein with strong specific activity against only one or a few insect species.
Is PER2 a transcription factor?
GeneCards Summary for PER2 Gene Among its related pathways are Circadian Clock and Diurnally Regulated Genes with Circadian Orthologs. Gene Ontology (GO) annotations related to this gene include transcription factor binding and transcription coactivator activity. An important paralog of this gene is PER1.
Can circadian clocks operate without gene transcription?
Studies in cyanobacteria, however, changed our view of the clock mechanism, since it was found by Kondo and colleagues that these single-cell organisms could maintain accurate 24-hour timing in the absence of transcription, i.e. there was no requirement for a transcription-translation autoregulatory feedback loop for …