When did Basque become part of Spain?
From around A.D. 824, Basque was part of the Kingdom of Navarre, a medieval state ruled over by a series of monarchs. In 1515, much of Navarre was annexed to the Crown of Castile and became part of what would become modern Spain.
What is the main objective of the Basque separatist movement?
The group was founded in 1959 and later evolved from a group promoting traditional Basque culture to a paramilitary group engaged in a violent campaign of bombing, assassinations, and kidnappings in the Southern Basque Country and throughout Spanish territory. Its goal was gaining independence for the Basque Country.
Who are the Basque in Spain?
Basque, Spanish Vasco, or Vascongado, Basque Euskaldunak, or Euskotarak, member of a people who live in both Spain and France in areas bordering the Bay of Biscay and encompassing the western foothills of the Pyrenees Mountains.
What is the Basque separatist movement?
The Basque conflict, also known as the Spain–ETA conflict, was an armed and political conflict from 1959 to 2011 between Spain and the Basque National Liberation Movement, a group of social and political Basque organizations which sought independence from Spain and France.
How did the Basque conflict end?
The war ended with the victory of the nationalist forces, with General Francisco Franco establishing a dictatorship that lasted for almost four decades.
Is Barcelona a Basque Country?
Both cultures have their own native languages and histories, dating back to long before the birth of modern Spain; both are prosperous industrial and commercial peoples that boast vibrant metropolises (Bilbao and San Sebastián in the Basque country, Barcelona in Catalonia); both have had to struggle against repression …
What are Basques known for?
Basque families have made a living in both agricultural and fishing traditions for many years. Some say the Basques are hasierak or “mystery people” of Europe because although their presence has been speculated since prehistoric times, their origin is largely unknown.
How many people died in the Basque conflict?
Since then, the conflict resulted in the deaths of more than 1,000 people, including police and security officers, members of the armed forces, Spanish politicians, journalists and civilians and some ETA members.