What are the rules of direct and indirect speech?
Changes as per Tense
| Direct Speech | Indirect Speech |
|---|---|
| Present simple (Subject +V1st + Object) | Past simple (Subject +V2 + Object) |
| Present continuous (Subject +is/am/are+V1 +ing+ Object) | Past Continuous (Subject +was/were+V1 +ing+ Object) |
| Present perfect (Subject + has/have+V3+Object) | Past perfect (Subject+had+V3+Object) |
What are the two basic rules for direct speech?
Direct speech: As noted earlier, the actual words uttered by a person (with no change) are quoted. Therefore, the exact words of the speaker are enclosed in inverted commas or quotation marks. In the sentence, a comma is also added after the word ‘said’ that introduces the spoken words.
What are the four elements of direct speech?
Direct speech is a report of the exact words used by a speaker or writer. Contrast with indirect speech. Also called direct discourse. Direct speech is usually placed inside quotation marks and accompanied by a reporting verb, signal phrase, or quotative frame.
How many rules are there in reported speech?
The 4 rules for Reported speech in English with examples & explanations.
How do you teach direct and indirect speech?
Using Activities to Teach Reported Speech. Have your students rephrase sentences using reported speech. First, call on one of your students and read out a simple sentence. Then, have the student report the information back to you first using direct speech, then using indirect speech.
What are the rules of narration?
Rule No 1.
- Person of pronoun of Reported speech is changed according to the Subject of Reporting verb of the sentence.
- Person of pronoun of Reported speech is changed according to Object of Reporting verb in the sentence.
- Person of Pronoun of Reported speech is not changed.
What are the features of direct speech?
Direct speech repeats, or quotes, the exact words spoken. When we use direct speech in writing, we place the words spoken between quotation marks (” “) and there is no change in these words.
How do you teach direct and reported speech?
Practice. Provide students with a chart of the principal changes in reported speech (i.e. will -> would, present perfect -> past perfect, etc.). Ask students to practice the reported speech by beginning with a reported speech worksheet or by asking them to change sentences from direct to reported speech.