How is direct reduced iron produced?
Direct reduced iron (DRI), also called sponge iron, is produced from the direct reduction of iron ore (in the form of lumps, pellets, or fines) into iron by a reducing gas or elemental carbon produced from natural gas or coal.
What is direct reduction process?
In a DR process, iron ore pellets and/or lump iron ores are reduced by a reducing gas to produce DRI or hot briquetted iron (HBI).
What is smelting reduction process?
Smelting reduction is a term assigned to a group of upcoming ironmaking processes which aim at overcoming certain fundamental problems of the existing blast furnace route. These problems include dependence on large scale operation, reliance on coking coal and prepared raw materials as well as environmental pollution.
Which one of process is direct smelting?
Processes which produce a molten product similar to blast-furnace hot metal directly from the ore are defined as ‘direct smelting’ processes. If the objective is to produce liquid steel directly from the ore, the term ‘direct smelting’ processes.
What is direct reduced iron used for?
Direct reduction of iron is the removal of oxygen from iron ore or other iron bearing materials in the solid state, i.e. without melting, as in the blast furnace. The reducing agents are carbon monoxide and hydrogen, coming from reformed natural gas, syngas or coal. Iron ore is used mostly in pellet and/or lumpy form.
What is meant by direct reduced iron?
Direct-reduced iron (DRI) is a type of metal substance produced from heating elemental iron in the presence of gas generated from natural gas or coal burning. Due to the low degree of oxygen present, DRI is prone to oxidation and has a higher corrosion rate compared to other types of iron.
What are the two types of smelting?
extraction and refining …are two types of smelting, reduction smelting and matte smelting.
What type of furnace is used for smelting?
reverberatory furnace, in copper, tin, and nickel production, a furnace used for smelting or refining in which the fuel is not in direct contact with the ore but heats it by a flame blown over it from another chamber.
Is iron smelting a chemical process?
Smelting is a chemical reaction that requires a particular ore (that sometimes look like any other common sedimentary rock), a particular content of carbon and a particular temperature in order to produce the metal.
What is a direct reduction furnace?
Direct reduction furnace means a high temperature furnace typically fired with natural gas to produce solid iron from iron ore or iron ore pellets and coke, coal, or other carbonaceous materials.
What is the difference between direct reduction and indirect reduction?
Indirect reduction is when iron oxide is reduced by Carbon (ii) oxide gas. Direct reduction is when the ore is reduced by Carbon element also known as coke.
What is the process of smelting iron ore?
Smelting involves heating up ore until the metal becomes spongy and the chemical compounds in the ore begin to break down. Most important, it releases oxygen from the iron ore, which makes up a high percentage of common iron ores. The most primitive facility used to smelt iron is a bloomery.