When did the Phoenician empire start and end?
Phoenicia
| Phoenicia Φοινίκη Phoiníkē (Greek) | |
|---|---|
| 2500 BC–64 BC | |
| Map of the Phoenicia region in green. | |
| Capital | None; dominant cities were Byblos (2500–1000 BC) and Tyre (900–550 BC) |
| Common languages | Phoenician, Punic |
What was the Phoenician empire?
Phoenicia was an ancient civilization in Canaan which covered most of the western, coastal part of the Fertile Crescent. Several major Phoenician cities were built on the coastline of the Mediterranean. It was an enterprising maritime trading culture that spread across the Mediterranean from 1550 BCE to 300 BCE.
Who destroyed Phoenicians?
By 572 B.C.E., the Phoenicians fell under the harsh rule of the Assyrians. They continued to trade, but encountered tough competition from Greece over trade routes. As the 4th century B.C.E. approached, the Phoenicians’ two most important cities, Sidon and Tyre, were destroyed by the Persians and Alexander the Great.
What are the Phoenicians known for in history?
The people known to history as the Phoenicians occupied a narrow tract of land along the coast of modern Syria, Lebanon and northern Israel. They are famed for their commercial and maritime prowess and are recognised as having established harbours, trading posts and settlements throughout the Mediterranean basin.
What did Phoenicians invent?
The Phoenicians were famed in antiquity for their ship-building skills, and they were credited with inventing the keel, the battering ram on the bow, and caulking between planks.
What did the Phoenicians believe in?
Religious practice in Phoenicia varied by city, each having its own deity or deities. Among them were Baal and Baalat in Byblos, Melqart in Tyre, and Eshmun in Sidon. Nonetheless, beliefs and rituals shared many characteristics, some of which may have been the result of extended cultural contact.
Are Phoenicians Egyptian?
Though nominally under Egyptian rule, the Phoenicians had considerable autonomy and their cities were fairly well developed and prosperous. They are described as having their own established dynasties, political assemblies, and merchant fleets, even engaging in political and commercial competition amongst themselves.
Did the Phoenicians invent glass?
Phoenician glass works : The Phoenicians invented the blown glass that was a longtime specialty of Sidonians which spread to many commercial areas, thanks to the Phoenician marine currents to all regions of the ancient world.
What caused the fall of the Phoenicians?
Beginning in 334 BCE with the siege of Tyre, Alexander the Great took the Phoenician city-states in the Eastern Mediterranean one by one, ending their on-again, off-again independence. They became Macedonian/Greek and lost their identity as Phoenician.
What God did the Phoenicians?
Melqart, also spelled Melkart or Melkarth, Phoenician god, chief deity of Tyre and of two of its colonies, Carthage and Gadir (Cádiz, Spain). He was also called the Tyrian Baal.