What is residual polio?
Post-polio syndrome is a group of potentially disabling signs and symptoms that appear decades after the initial polio illness. These signs and symptoms usually appear between 30 to 40 years after having polio. Infection from the polio virus once caused paralysis and death.
Are there polio antibodies?
Almost all children (99%) who receive all four of the recommended doses of polio vaccine in the childhood series will have detectable antibodies [6]. Indeed, two doses of IPV are ≥ 90% effective against polio and three doses are 99–100% effective.
What is the efficacy rate of polio?
Two doses of inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) are 90% effective or more against polio; three doses are 99% to 100% effective. A person is considered to be fully vaccinated if he or she has received: four doses of any combination of IPV and tOPV, or.
Is polio positive or negative sense?
Poliovirus is composed of an RNA genome and a protein capsid. The genome is a single-stranded positive-sense RNA (+ssRNA) genome that is about 7500 nucleotides long. The viral particle is about 30 nm in diameter with icosahedral symmetry.
What are the three types of polio?
There are three wild types of poliovirus (WPV) – type 1, type 2, and type 3. People need to be protected against all three types of the virus in order to prevent polio disease and the polio vaccination is the best protection.
How do you read polio titers?
The presence of neutralizing serum antibodies (titers 1:8 up to >1:128) against polioviruses implies lifelong immunity. Some persons without detectable titers (<1:8) may also be immune as demonstrated by elicitation of a secondary-type serum antibody response upon challenge with live polio vaccine.
What is a good efficacy rate for a vaccine?
Vaccine efficacy and effectiveness To be approved, vaccines are required to have a high efficacy rate of 50% or above. After approval, they continue to be monitored for ongoing safety and effectiveness.
What percentage of polio cases were asymptomatic?
For the onset of paralysis in paralytic poliomyelitis, the incubation period is usually 7 to 21 days. The risk of severe disease and death following primary infection with poliovirus increases with increasing age. Approximately 70% of all polio infections in children are asymptomatic.
What type of virus is poliomyelitis?
Polioviruses are small single-stranded RNA viruses that belong to the Enterovirus subgroup of the family Picornaviridae. Humans are the only reservoir for polio virus.